Where each party sits, according to the CHES expert survey.
This view places each party from expert surveys, not from its votes. The horizontal axis is economic left-right; the vertical, progressive-conservative on social issues. Groups holding several parties (Mixto, Plural) aren't placed.
Tap a party to open its profile. Circle size is proportional to seats.
The Mixed Group brings together different parties and has no single point: its parties scored by CHES (Podemos, BNG, Coalición Canaria and UPN) appear separately. The group's other members are not scored.
Source: Chapel Hill Expert Survey (CHES) - Jolly et al. (2022), Electoral Studies. The wave closest to each legislature is used. Data: 1999-2019 trend file · 2024 wave